transcranial focused ultrasound

Simultaneous localized brain mild hyperthermia and blood-brain barrier opening via feedback-controlled transcranial MR-guided focused ultrasound and microbubbles
Simultaneous localized brain mild hyperthermia and blood-brain barrier opening via feedback-controlled transcranial MR-guided focused ultrasound and microbubbles IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering (TBME)
We present a synergistic focused ultrasound-based brain drug delivery method for both spatiotemporally precise transcranial mild hyperthermia and simultaneous localized blood-brain barrier (BBB) opening. We demonstrated that with the presence of microbubbles, transcranial MR-guided focused ultrasound mild hyperthermia can be achieved at significantly reduced powers and prolonged BBB opening can be simultaneously achieved with hyperthermia sonications in a rodent model. No structural abnormality, edema, hemorrhage, or acute microglial activation was observed in the target region via MR imaging and histology. This study provides a new strategy for enhanced drug delivery in brain tissues with a high clinical translation potential. read more

Acoustic holograms for bilateral blood-brain barrier opening in a mouse model
Author(s)3: thinkdm2, Elisa E. Konofagou
Acoustic holograms for bilateral blood-brain barrier opening in a mouse model IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering (TBME)
Microbubble-enhanced focused ultrasound (FUS) allows the blood-brain barrier opening (BBBO) for drug delivery into the brain. However, single-element FUS technologies do not allow high-resolution, multi-focal, simultaneous targeting, in addition to distortion of the focused beam due to skull aberrations. In this work, we present the first preclinical BBBO application of acoustic holograms in mice. A 3D-printed hologram coupled to a single-element focused transducer produced two symmetric foci while compensating for the skull aberrations. T1-weighted MRI showed BBBO at two quasi-spherical spots. This work demonstrates the feasibility of hologram-assisted BBBO for low-cost and highly-localized drug delivery in a mouse brain. read more

Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Neuromodulation of Voluntary Movement-related Cortical Activity in Humans
Author(s)3: Kai Yu, Chang Liu, Xiaodan Niu, Bin He
Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Neuromodulation of Voluntary Movement-related Cortical Activity in Humans 170 177 IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering (TBME)
Low-intensity transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation tool for reversibly modulating brain circuits. How the tFUS influences the human voluntary motor processing in the brain remains unclear. We applied the tFUS to modulate the movement-related cortical potential (MRCP) originating from human subjects practicing a voluntary foot tapping task. The MRCP source was reconstructed and evaluated for assessing the tFUS neuromodulatory effects on the voluntary MRCP. The effect of ultrasound pulse repetition frequency was further assessed in modulating the MRCP. This work provides the first evidence of tFUS enhancing the human endogenous motor cortical activities through excitatory modulation. read more
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